Gender stereotypes and professional experiences of female nurses in Türkiye

Abstract

Introduction: Gender roles and stereotypes play a significant role in shapingthe nursing profession, perpetuating systemic inequities that negatively impactprofessional experiences and healthcare system efficiency. In Türkiye, patriarchalnorms and systemic disparities exacerbate these workplace challenges,particularly for female nurses. Methods: This qualitative study utilized semi-structured interviews with 13female nurses working in intensive care units to examine the influence ofsocietal expectations, workplace discrimination, and institutional policies ongender inequities in nursing. Results: The findings reveal that cultural norms, family influence, and constrainedcareer planning often channel women into nursing, reinforcing perceptions ofthe profession as an extension of caregiving roles. While participants rejectedthe notion of nursing as a “women’s profession,” their narratives highlightedthe pervasive impact of gendered expectations. Additionally, political favoritismand nepotism were identified as factors exacerbating workplace challenges,reflecting broader systemic issues in Türkiye’s labor market. The normalizationof gender norms and their internalization by female nurses further complicateefforts to combat discrimination. Discussion: The study underscores the necessity for policy interventions toaddress systemic gender inequities in nursing. Recommendations includeimplementing mandatory gender equality education within healthcareinstitutions, stricter enforcement of anti-violence laws, and the establishmentof psychological and legal support systems for workplace violence victims.Additional measures, such as childcare support and regulations against maritalstatus-based discrimination, are essential to mitigate inequities. By addressingsocietal, cultural, and institutional factors, this research provides actionablestrategies for healthcare organizations and policymakers to promote equity andimprove sector efficiency.