Association of dietary patterns with circadian preference, sleep and personality in high school students

Abstract

Unhealthy dietary patterns are increasing in adolescence in the modern era, so it is important to investigate variables that associate with dietary patterns. This study aimed to analyse the association of dietary patterns with circadian preference, sleep and personality in high school students. Moreover, the change in dietary pattern with respect to circadian preference, breakfast skipping and sleep quality was also examined. Four thousand nine hundred and seventy-one high school students with the age ranged 14-18 participated in to the current study. The results indicated that breakfast skipping, circadian preference, sleep quality, average sleep length, social jetlag, the midpoint of sleep in free days corrected, conscientiousness, agreeableness and emotional stability are associated factors of dietary patterns. Meanwhile circadian preference x breakfast skipping interaction effect was significant. It was also found that nearly one-fourth of the students are in the high risk level dietary pattern. As a conclusion sleeping well, being a morning type, being conscientiousness generally improve healthier dietary patterns and decrease breakfast skipping.