In this study, initially the geometric meanings of the curvatures of the curves parametrized with the arc length are given in E-5. This is followed by the calculation of the Frenet vectors and curvatures of any curve. After ...

In this paper, timelike parallel pi-equidistant ruled surfaces with a timelike base curve are defined and the shape operators, shape tensor, the qth fundamental forms and the characteristic polynomials of the shape tensors ...