Siyaset Bilimi ve Kamu Yönetimi / Political Science and Public Administration

Controlled reperfusion for different durations in the treatment of ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rat ovary: evaluation of biochemical features, molecular gene expression, and histopathology

Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Controlled reperfusion for different durations in the treatment of ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rat ovary: evaluation of biochemical features, molecular gene expression, and histopathology Omer Erkan Yapca; Serkan Kumbasar; Suleyman Salman; Oguzhan Yarali; Ebru Sener; Renad Mammadov; Yesim Bayoglu Tekin; Aksoy, Abdulkadir; Abdulmecit Albayrak; Nihal Cetin High numbers of proinflammatory cells (PMNLs), which are carried by the blood to ischemic tissue during reperfusion, are considered responsible for inducing the inflammatory response that occurs in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Our objective was to determine the controlled reperfusion (CR) interval duration (CRID) that would minimize the injury caused by the PMNLs that infiltrate ischemic tissue. Animal groups were divided into the following groups: Sham group, ovarian I/R group (OIR), and ovarian ischemia controlled-reperfusion groups OICR-1, OICR-2, OICR-3, OICR-4, OICR-5, OICR-6, which had their ovarian artery opened and then closed for 10, 8, 6, 4, 2, or 1 s, respectively. The results show that the COX-2 activity and the gene expression decreased while the COX-1 activity and the gene expression were found to be increased in parallel to the shortening of the period in CRID. From the histopathological examinations, the findings of hemorrhage, edema, congested vascular structures, degenerated cells, and migration and adhesion of PMNLs were scaled as follows: Sham group < OICR-6 < OICR-5 < OICR-4 < OICR-3 < OICR-2 < OICR-1. The results from the histopathological assessments were consistent with the molecular and biochemical findings. In conclusion, our findings suggest that increased COX-2 activity plays a role in I/R injury of the rat ovary, and that controlled reperfusion for 3, 2, or 1 s following 2 h of ischemia may attenuate the effects of I/R injury.

Scientific productivity and cooperation in Turkic world: a bibliometric analysis

Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Scientific productivity and cooperation in Turkic world: a bibliometric analysis Şahin, Köksal; Candan, Gökçe The main purpose of this study is to gain insight about scientific productivity and cooperation among Turkish language speaking countries in today's conditions in which scientific cooperation has gained ever-increasing significance. The basic problematic of the current research is as follows: although scientific production and cooperation has gained a strategic importance and bibliometric studies have become popular on scientific production processes with reference to the number of academic publications and citations, academic studies on this field have not been carried out yet in Turkish language speaking countries. In the current study, a bibliometric analysis was done with reference to co-authored scientific documents and citations between 2000 and 2016 years in the countries being a member of "Turkic Council" which is one of the main international organizations aiming to institutionalize scientific cooperation in Turkic world. In the analyses obtained from Web of Science, the following phenomena were highlighted the number of academic documents, the number of citations, the number of academic documents per academic staff, the number of academic documents per institutions, the impact factors of the studies, the main research fields, the number of co-authored academic studies which the member countries carried out together and with the other countries and finally the languages used in these academic studies. The basic research question in the present research focuses on what kind of evolution appeared in the number of academic documents, their impact factors, coauthoring matter and their main research fields in Turkic Council member countries. The essential findings of this interdisciplinary study in which scientific research statistics of the member countries are presented in analyses along with geopolitical descriptions can be listed as follows; Turkey is the main research partner of Turkic Council member countries, Turkey has still kept its preliminary role in the process of scientific cooperation in Turkic world together with the end of the cold war, the other member countries except for Turkey have fallen behind considerably in the rank of publication and citation performance, the scientific cooperation among other member countries has not been activated yet despite the institutional moves of the Council, the use of Turkish language in the examined documents is rather scarce although Turkey occupies the scientific preliminary position and the Council is an international organization which is shaped under the framework of common language axis.

The Relationship between the European Court of Human Rights and Transitional Justice: A Review of Court Cases Related to Armed Conflicts

Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT

The Relationship between the European Court of Human Rights and Transitional Justice: A Review of Court Cases Related to Armed Conflicts Gülener, Serdar This paper examines role of the European Court of Human Rights in dealing with human rights abuses following armed conflicts, as one of the most notable fields in international relations. In this framework, it begins by reviewing the concepts of armed conflicts and transitional justice. To make it more concrete, cases of armed conflict across Europe are analyzed through the lens of transitional justice. It is found that practices of ECtHR are not directly a means of transitional justice, but they have effects on national authorities in the process of restitution.

New approaches to public sector supervision: The transition from market-oriented supervision to result-oriented supervision

Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT

New approaches to public sector supervision: The transition from market-oriented supervision to result-oriented supervision Al, Hamza In recent years, some individual, but self-consistent changes have occurred in public administration. The changes observed in public administration also affect its understanding of supervision. One of the most striking changes in public administration is the relationship between the public sector and the market. Unlike the traditional approach, the new approach is fostered by market values. Another relevant development is that public administration focuses on results rather than processes. The ambition of public administration for the market and its transition to result-oriented supervision necessitate a method of supervision, which is conducted by assessing performance results on the basis of market values.