https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12619/997 2026-04-13T16:05:14Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12619/34028 ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF DEFENSE EXPENDITURES ON INCOME DISTRIBUTION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT WITH PANEL ASYMMETRIC CAUSALITY TEST: BRICS COUNTRIES AND TURKEY CASE Gül, Ekrem; Mustafa Torusdag According to the results of the asymmetric panel causality analysis, only one-way causality from economic growth to defense expenditures was determined between economic growth and defense expenditures in the period 1995-2010, while there was no causality from defense expenditures to economic growth. One-way causality from income inequality to defense expenditures was identified between 1995 and 2010 in terms of income inequality and defense expenditures, while bi-directional causality was detected in 1996-2011 period. In the period of 2000-2015, it is concluded that there is a one-way causality from defense expenditures to income inequality. 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12619/34029 Trade Creation and Trade Diversion Effects in the Economic Community of Central African States İnançlı, Selim; Addi Haman Mahamat This paper analyzes trade creation and trade diversion effects in the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS) between 2007 and 2016 using the Gravity Model. The results show that variables like GDP, population, bilateral distance, political stability and corruption are crucial for the determination of bilateral trade flow. More importantly, the study finds that there is neither trade creation nor trade diversion in the ECCAS region. Thus, the FTA in ECCAS did not lead either to reinforce intra-trade or to emphasize trade with non-member countries. Yet, the Economic Community of Central African States (CEMAC), the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) and the East African Community (EAC) have been trade creating during the aforementioned period. Therefore, the paper recommends policy makers to promote more regional integration within ECCAS notably through the construction of intra-zone communication means and the effective establishment of the free movement of people and goods within the region. 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12619/3908 Transformation in Production Structures of Turkish Republics and External Trade Relations With Turkey: 1996-2005 Akal, Mustafa This study aims to outline export and import densities, advantageous and disadvantageous and comparative changes in product groups of traded goods of Turkey with Turkish Republics in regard to the changes in production and economic structures of the countries from 1996 to 2005. It is seen that advantageous and disadvantageous traded good groups may change depending on the changes of production structure of the countries. Turkey's trade volume is found unsatisfactory even Turkey has economical and political negotiations with these countries. Turkish Republics are found not capable to start industrialization and develop international trade under lack of fund. Except for textile industry it was impossible for Turkey to develop intra-industrial trade with these countries due to low industrial production and low per capita income. Mainly, Turkish Republics export natural raw materials to Turkey and import industrial good from Turkey. However, following strategic trade policies may bring about large benefits to these countries in the future. 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12619/3911 Contributions of Turkish academicians supervising PhD dissertations and their universities to economics: an evaluation of the 1990-2011 period Kutlar, Aziz; Kabasakal, Ali In this study, doctoral dissertations conducted at the Turkish Universities for the period of 1990-2011 and the scientifically indexed publications of the professors supervising these dissertations were investigated. In the evaluations, the publications scores of the Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus as well as the citations belonging to the publications in these indexes were included. During the relevant period, 617 professors supervised all the 1,906 doctoral dissertations in the field of economics. The first three universities with the highest number of doctoral dissertations were determined to be Istanbul University, Marmara University, and Dokuz Eylul University whereas the first three universities with the highest scientific indexes were Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University, Middle East Technical University, and Bogazi double dagger i University. The academicians of the last three universities also outperformed those at the other universities regarding the scientific publications they produced and the citations they received. Overall, there is a low correlation between the dissertations conducted and scientific citations. Finally, academicians with publications and/or citations in Web of Science or Scopus were researched further via logistic regressions. The results indicate that there is positive and meaningful relation with PhD degrees earned abroad and number of publication in the Web of Science. 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z