Should coronary catheter laboratories be used in the treatment of ischemic stroke? Endovascular treatment in acute ischemic stroke performed by interventional cardiologists

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the technical success and in-hospital outcomes of endovascular thrombectomy (ET) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients performed by interventional cardiologists. PATIENTS AND METHODS: ET for AIS provides fast, effective and safe recanalization. Insufficient number of catheter laboratories for stroke interventions and experienced interventional neurologists are limiting the widespread application of such a promising treatment method. RESULTS: 123 patients with AIS and eligible for ET were evaluated retrospectively. 65 patients were female (52.8%) and the mean age of the patients was 71.5 +/- 11.9 years. Most of the patients had a middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion (112 patients. 91%). Successful recanalization (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction grading 2b or higher) was achieved in 109 patients (88.6%). Access site complication was observed only in 3 patients (2.4%). Intracranial bleeding was observed in 17 patients (13.8%) and only 8 of them were symptomatic (6.5%). In-hospital death occurred in 19 patients (15.4%). The initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was 16.8t3.3 (median 18) which improved significantly to 10.4 +/- 7.2 (median 11) at 24 hours (p<0.001). Dramatic neurologic improvement was observed in 60 of 123 patients (48.8%). The Modified Rankin Score of the patients was significantly lower at discharge compared to admission (4.2 +/- 0.7 vs. 2.9 +/- 2, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: ET in AIS can be performed safely with high success rates by trained interventional cardiologists within the stroke team. Until the number of stroke centers is sufficient, endovascular treatment of AIS can be supported by experienced interventional cardiologists.