Tenzih Bağlamında Hüsün-Kubuh Meselesine Bir Bakış

Abstract

Hüsün-kubuh meselesi insanların fiilleri ve Allah’ın şeriatı bağlamında değerlendirilen konulardan biridir. Çalışmada hüsün-kubuh konusunun kökenleri üzerine ve kelâm ekollerinin konu hakkındaki görüşleri tenzih bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Hüsün-kubuh meselesinde erken dönem kelâmından müteahhirûn dönem kelamına kadar birçok görüş mevcuttur. Bunlardan Eşʿarî ve Mâtürîdîlik ile Muʿtezile üzerine mukayeseli bir analiz konunun daha sağlıklı anlaşılmasında yararlı olacaktır. Araştırmada itikâdî mezheplerin temel görüş ve dayanaklarına kendi kaynaklarından referans vererek ulaşılmıştır. Hüsün-kubuh konusunda genel olarak kelam ekolleri varlığı Allah’ın bilgisi ile eş değer kılarak okuyan Ehl-i Hadis anlayışı ve Allah’ın insana doğru ile yanlışı ayırt edebilecek kudreti verdiği araç olan akıl ile de bilinebileceğini savunan Ehl-i Rey tarzında yaklaşmışlardır. Ancak aklın iyi ya da kötü konusundaki öncülleri ile vahyin öncülleri arasında bir ayrım yapmanın muhtemel sonuçlarından hareketle Ehl-i Reyin düşüncesinin daha tutarlı olduğu düşünülebilir.

The phenomenon of ‘’Husn-qubh’’ is one of the cases that evaluate the context of people’s actions_x000D_ and God’s laws (sharia law). In this study, the origins of the subject of al-husn-qubh and the_x000D_ views of kalam schools on the subject were evaluated in the context of acquit. From the early_x000D_ terms of Kalam to the ‘’Mutaahhirūn’’ (the late) Kalam, there are a lot of points of view about the_x000D_ case “al-husn-qubh”. In particular, it would be more accurate if this subject is analyzed with_x000D_ comperative analysis of ‘’Māturīdī’’,“Mu’tazilah“, and al-Ashʿarī” school views. In this research,_x000D_ references to the basic views and foundations of the “kalam” schools are used from their own_x000D_ sources. Kalam schools view of the issue of al-husn-qubh, generally, on the one hand take Ahl_x000D_ al-ḥadīth’s understanding that object can be known only by God’s knowledge, on the other hand,_x000D_ Ahl al-Ra’y,’s view that treats reason as a tool which is given by God to distinguish between good_x000D_ and evil. Yet, considering the possible consequences of making a distinction between the premises_x000D_ of reason on the good and evil and the premises of revalation, it can be thought that Ahl al-Ra’y_x000D_ is more consistent._x000D_ [You may find an extended abstract of this article after the bibliography.]

The phenomenon of ‘’Husn-qubh’’ is one of the cases that evaluate the context of people’s actions and God’s laws (sharia law). In this study, the origins of the subject of al-husn-qubh and the views of kalam schools on the subject were evaluated in the context of acquit. From the early terms of Kalam to the ‘’Mutaahhirūn’’ (the late) Kalam, there are a lot of points of view about the case “al-husn-qubh”. In particular, it would be more accurate if this subject is analyzed with comperative analysis of ‘’Māturīdī’’,“Mu’tazilah“, and al-Ashʿarī” school views. In this research, references to the basic views and foundations of the “kalam” schools are used from their own sources. Kalam schools view of the issue of al-husn-qubh, generally, on the one hand take Ahl al-ḥadīth’s understanding that object can be known only by God’s knowledge, on the other hand, Ahl al-Ra’y,’s view that treats reason as a tool which is given by God to distinguish between good and evil. Yet, considering the possible consequences of making a distinction between the premises of reason on the good and evil and the premises of revalation, it can be thought that Ahl al-Ra’y is more consistent. [You may find an extended abstract of this article after the bibliography.]